Průvodce Těžbou Bitcoinu: Jak Funguje, Ziskovost a Hardware
Everything you need to know about mining Bitcoin: how it works, is it profitable, and what hardware you need.
What is Bitcoin Mining?
Bitcoin mining is the process of validating transactions and adding new blocks to the blockchain. Miners compete to solve complex mathematical puzzles, and the winner gets to add the next block and receive the block reward.
Secures the Network
Mining makes it practically impossible to alter past transactions, ensuring Bitcoin's immutability.
Creates Consensus
Proof of Work ensures all participants agree on the state of the blockchain without central authority.
Issues New Bitcoin
New bitcoins enter circulation through mining rewards, following a predictable supply schedule.
Hash Function Demo
See how any change in input creates a completely different hash output.
Try changing just one character - the entire hash changes completely!
Mining Simulator
Experience how miners search for the golden nonce. Find a hash starting with zeros!
How Mining Works
Collect Transactions
Miners gather pending transactions from the mempool into a candidate block.
Create Block Header
The block header includes: previous block hash, merkle root, timestamp, difficulty target, and nonce.
Find Valid Nonce
Miners try billions of nonce values until the resulting hash is below the target difficulty.
Broadcast Block
The winning miner broadcasts the new block. Other nodes verify and add it to their chain.
Receive Reward
The miner receives the block reward (3.125 BTC) plus transaction fees from all included transactions.
Mining Profitability Calculator
Mining Hardware Evolution
From CPUs to ASICs: 10 million times more efficient in 15 years
| Year | Type | Model | Hashrate | Power | Efficiency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | CPU | Intel Core 2 | 2 MH/s | 65W | 0.03 MH/W |
| 2010 | GPU | AMD Radeon 5870 | 400 MH/s | 188W | 2.1 MH/W |
| 2013 | ASIC | Avalon Gen 1 | 66 GH/s | 620W | 106 MH/W |
| 2014 | ASIC | Antminer S4 | 2 TH/s | 1400W | 1.4 GH/W |
| 2016 | ASIC | Antminer S9 | 14 TH/s | 1375W | 10.2 GH/W |
| 2018 | ASIC | Antminer S15 | 28 TH/s | 1596W | 17.5 GH/W |
| 2020 | ASIC | Antminer S19 Pro | 110 TH/s | 3250W | 33.8 GH/W |
| 2022 | ASIC | Antminer S19 XP | 140 TH/s | 3010W | 46.5 GH/W |
| 2024 | ASIC | Antminer S21 | 200 TH/s | 3500W | 57.1 GH/W |
Top Mining Pools
Solo Mining vs Pool Mining
Solo Mining
- Keep 100% of block reward
- No pool fees
- Extremely low chance of finding block
- Could mine for years without reward
With 100 TH/s, expected time to find a block: ~450 years
Pool Mining
- Regular, predictable payouts
- Lower variance in income
- Pool fees (0-4%)
- Centralization concerns
Recommended for most miners - consistent daily earnings
Block Reward Halving Schedule
Every 210,000 blocks (~4 years), the block reward is cut in half.
Network Hashrate Growth
Total computing power securing the Bitcoin network (EH/s)
Environmental Impact
Bitcoin Mining Energy Mix
Cloud Mining Warning
Most cloud mining services are either scams or unprofitable. Be extremely cautious:
- Many are Ponzi schemes that pay early investors with new deposits
- Hidden fees often make contracts unprofitable
- No control over hardware - you can't verify it exists
- If it sounds too good to be true, it probably is
Mining Not Profitable? Just Buy Bitcoin
For most people, buying Bitcoin directly is more cost-effective than mining. Get exclusive discounts on top exchanges:
Summary
Bitcoin mining secures the network and creates new coins through Proof of Work
Modern mining requires ASIC hardware - CPUs and GPUs are no longer viable
Profitability depends on electricity costs, hardware efficiency, and BTC price
Pool mining is recommended for consistent payouts
Avoid cloud mining - most services are scams
For most people, buying Bitcoin directly is more practical than mining