Table des matières
Que sont les Ordinals ?
Bitcoin Ordinals est un protocole créé par Casey Rodarmor en janvier 2023 qui permet des artefacts numériques de type NFT directement sur la blockchain Bitcoin. La théorie des Ordinals attribue un numéro unique à chaque satoshi individuel (la plus petite unité de Bitcoin), ce qui permet de les suivre, de les transférer et d'y inscrire des données.
Innovation clé
Les Ordinals exploitent la mise à niveau Taproot de Bitcoin (novembre 2021) pour inscrire des données arbitraires, images, texte, HTML, audio, vidéo, directement dans les données witness des transactions Bitcoin. Chaque inscription est stockée de façon permanente sur la blockchain la plus sécurisée au monde.
Contrairement aux NFTs traditionnels sur Ethereum, qui stockent les métadonnées hors chaîne (sur IPFS ou des serveurs centralisés), les Bitcoin Ordinals sont entièrement on-chain. Les données vivent directement dans la blockchain Bitcoin, ce qui les rend véritablement immuables et permanentes.
Ordinal Theory
Every satoshi gets a unique serial number based on the order it was mined. Satoshis can have different rarity levels based on Bitcoin events.
On-Chain Data
100% on-chain storage. Your inscription lives on Bitcoin forever - no IPFS links, no external servers, just pure blockchain data.
Bitcoin Sécurité
Secured by the most powerful proof-of-work network. No separate chain, no bridge risk - just Bitcoin.
Comment fonctionnent les inscriptions
Une inscription est créée en intégrant des données dans la section witness d'une transaction Bitcoin à l'aide de scripts de dépense Taproot script-path. Le processus crée un enregistrement permanent et immuable sur la blockchain Bitcoin.
Inscription Simulator
See how an Ordinal inscription is created
Select File Type
Add Content
Satoshi Assignment
Review & Inscribe
Choose the type of content to inscribe onto a Bitcoin satoshi:
Processus d'inscription
Transaction de commit
D'abord, une transaction de commit crée une sortie Taproot contenant un script avec les données de l'inscription. Le contenu n'est pas encore révélé à ce stade.
Transaction de révélation
Une transaction de révélation dépense la sortie de commit, exécute le script Taproot et inscrit définitivement les données sur le satoshi cible.
Stockage du contenu
Le contenu inscrit (image, texte, HTML, etc.) est stocké dans les données witness avec une balise de type de contenu. La taille maximale est d'environ 4 Mo par bloc.
Satoshi Tracking
Once inscribed, the data is permanently bound to a specific satoshi. When that satoshi moves between addresses, the inscription moves with it. Ordinal indexers track which satoshi holds which inscription.
Niveaux de Rareté Satoshi
Common
Any sat (not first of block)
Uncommon
First sat of each block
Rare
First sat of difficulty adjustment
Epic
First sat of each halving
Legendary
First sat of each cycle
Mythic
The genesis sat (only 1 exists)
Tokens BRC-20
BRC-20 est une norme de jeton expérimentale sur Bitcoin créée par le développeur pseudonyme 'domo' en mars 2023. Elle utilise les inscriptions Ordinals pour déployer, minter et transférer des jetons fongibles sur Bitcoin à l'aide de données JSON.
BRC-20 JSON Operations
Deploy
{
"p": "brc-20",
"op": "deploy",
"tick": "ordi",
"max": "21000000",
"lim": "1000"
}Mint
{
"p": "brc-20",
"op": "mint",
"tick": "ordi",
"amt": "1000"
}Transfer
{
"p": "brc-20",
"op": "transfer",
"tick": "ordi",
"amt": "500"
}BRC-20 tokens have no smart contract functionality. Each operation (deploy, mint, transfer) requires a separate Bitcoin transaction with a JSON inscription. This creates significant UTXO bloat and is one reason Casey Rodarmor later created the Runes protocol as a more efficient alternative.
Meilleurs BRC-20 Jetons
- ORDIFirst BRC-20 ever
- SATSNamed after satoshis
- RATSCommunity-driven
- MUBIMultibit bridge
BRC-20 Limitations
- No smart contract functionality
- Creates massive UTXO bloat
- Requires off-chain indexer for balance tracking
- High transaction cost per operation
Que sont les Runes ?
Runes est un protocole de jetons fongibles pour Bitcoin créé par Casey Rodarmor (le même créateur d'Ordinals) et lancé le 20 avril 2024, exactement au bloc du 4e halving de Bitcoin. Runes utilise directement le modèle UTXO de Bitcoin, ce qui le rend bien plus efficace que BRC-20.
Pourquoi Runes is Different
Unlike BRC-20 which uses JSON inscriptions (creating junk UTXOs), Runes uses the OP_RETURN output and the UTXO model directly. Token balances are stored in UTXOs themselves, meaning transfers are native Bitcoin transactions. This is far more efficient, reduces blockchain bloat, and aligns with Bitcoin's existing architecture.
UTXO-Based
Jeton balances live in UTXOs. When you spend a UTXO, you can split or merge Runes tokens just like Bitcoin. No off-chain indexer needed for basic operations.
No Junk UTXOs
Runes uses OP_RETURN for protocol data, which is prunable. Invalid or malformed Rune transactions result in a "burn" rather than creating spam UTXOs.
Etching & Minting
"Etching" creates a new Rune with parameters (name, supply, divisibility). "Minting" distributes tokens. Open or closed minting modes are supported.
Halving Launch
Launched at block 840,000 (Bitcoin halving). The first Runes etched at the halving block became highly collectible, and fees spiked to over $78 per transaction.
Comparaison Runes vs BRC-20
Runes et BRC-20 permettent tous deux les jetons fongibles sur Bitcoin, mais ils adoptent des approches fondamentalement différentes avec des compromis importants.
| Metric | R Runes | B BRC-20 |
|---|---|---|
Token Model | UTXO-based | Inscription-based (JSON) |
Efficiency | High (native UTXO) | Low (JSON overhead) |
Spam Reduction | Minimal UTXO bloat | Creates junk UTXOs |
Indexing | Simple UTXO tracking | Requires off-chain indexer |
Smart Contracts | No (Bitcoin native) | No (Bitcoin native) |
Ecosystem Maturity | Growing (2024+) | Established (2023+) |
Le Verdict
Runes is technically superior and better aligned with Bitcoin's UTXO model. However, BRC-20 has first-mover advantage and an established ecosystem. Many BRC-20 tokens (like ORDI) are listed on major exchanges. Both will likely coexist, with Runes capturing new projects and BRC-20 maintaining its legacy tokens.
Meilleures collections Ordinals
L'écosystème Bitcoin Ordinals a produit plusieurs collections blue-chip qui ont atteint un volume de trading significatif et un impact culturel notable.
Bitcoin Puppets
10,000 items | Culture-defining collection
One of the most iconic Ordinals collections. Known for its distinctive puppet art style and strong community. Floor prices have reached multiple BTC.
NodeMonkes
10,000 items | Pixel art monkeys
A pixel art collection of monkeys that became one of the most traded Ordinals collections. Consistently in the top 3 by volume.
Quantum Cats
3,333 items | By Taproot Wizards team
Created by the Taproot Wizards team (Udi Wertheimer). Features evolving cat art that changes based on Bitcoin protocol upgrades. Innovative concept.
Bitmap
800K+ items | Virtual metaverse land
Each Bitmap represents a Bitcoin block. The largest Ordinals collection by count - a metaverse concept where each block is a parcel of digital land.
Ordinal Maxi Biz (OMB)
Pioneers of Ordinals culture
One of the earliest and most culturally significant Ordinals collections. OMB holders are considered OG Ordinals collectors. The community heavily influenced the direction of the ecosystem.
Principaux tokens Runes
Depuis leur lancement lors du halving de Bitcoin en avril 2024, plusieurs tokens Runes ont atteint des capitalisations de marché importantes et rassemblé des communautés actives.
DOG*GO*TO*THE*MOON
Rune #3 | Community airdrop to Runestone holders
The largest Runes token by market cap. Airdropped to Runestone holders, it became the flagship token of the Runes ecosystem and is listed on major exchanges.
RSIC*GENESIS*RUNE
RSIC (Rune Specific Inscription Circuit)
RSIC was one of the first pre-Runes projects, airdropping inscriptions that would later generate Runes tokens. A key project in the Runes meta.
PUPS*WORLD*PEACE
Originally a BRC-20, migrated to Runes
PUPS was originally a BRC-20 token that successfully migrated to the Runes protocol. It demonstrated the path for BRC-20 to Runes migration.
WZRD
Linked to Bitcoin Wizards community
Connected to the broader Bitcoin Wizards and Taproot Wizards ecosystem. Part of the wizard-themed Runes narrative.
Aperçu du Marché des Runes
The Runes market saw explosive activity at launch, with over 14,000 Runes etched in the first week. While initial hype has normalized, the ecosystem continues to grow with new projects launching regularly. Total Runes trading volume has exceeded hundreds of millions in BTC terms.
Comment inscrire
Créer votre propre inscription Bitcoin est simple avec les bons outils. Voici un guide étape par étape.
Obtenez un wallet Bitcoin Ordinals
Téléchargez le wallet Xverse ou Unisat. Ces wallets prennent en charge Ordinals et peuvent afficher vos inscriptions. Créez un nouveau wallet ou importez un wallet existant.
Alimentez votre wallet
Envoyez des BTC vers votre wallet Ordinals. Vous aurez besoin d'assez pour payer les frais d'inscription (variables selon la taille du fichier et la congestion du réseau).
Choisissez le contenu de l'inscription
Sélectionnez ce que vous souhaitez inscrire : image (jusqu'à ~400KB recommandé), texte, HTML ou d'autres types de contenu pris en charge.
Inscrire via une plateforme
Utilisez OrdinalsBot, Gamma.io ou le service d'inscription de Unisat. Définissez votre taux de frais et confirmez la transaction.
Achetez du BTC pour Ordinals avec 20% de réduction sur les frais
Inscrivez-vous sur Binance avec le code TRADEOFF20 et obtenez une réduction à vie de 20%. Achetez du BTC et commencez à inscrire.
Binance code: TRADEOFF20 | OKX: TRADEOFF20 | Bybit: J61ZYG
Wallets et marketplaces
L'écosystème Bitcoin Ordinals a développé un riche ensemble de wallets et de marketplaces adaptés aux inscriptions et aux tokens Runes.
Wallets pris en charge
Xverse
Most popular Ordinals wallet. Supports inscriptions, BRC-20, Runes, and Stacks.
Unisat
Built-in inscription tool. BRC-20 trading, marketplace, and indexer all-in-one.
Leather (Hiro)
Formerly Hiro Wallet. Supports Ordinals, Stacks, and Bitcoin DeFi.
Marketplaces
Magic Eden (Bitcoin)
Leading multi-chain marketplace. Full Ordinals and Runes support.
OKX Ordinals Marketplace
Built into OKX exchange. Trade Ordinals and BRC-20 directly.
OrdinalsBot
Inscription-as-a-service. Easiest way to create inscriptions with no technical knowledge.
Conseil de Sécurité
Always use a dedicated Ordinals wallet (Xverse, Unisat) rather than a regular Bitcoin wallet. Ordinals wallets protect your inscribed satoshis from being accidentally spent as transaction fees. Regular wallets don't distinguish between inscribed and regular satoshis.
Impact sur Bitcoin
Ordinals et Runes ont eu un impact profond sur l'écosystème Bitcoin, suscitant à la fois enthousiasme et controverse.
Bitcoin Fee Impact Timeline
Average fee per transaction (USD) during major Ordinals/Runes events
Peak fee: During the Runes launch on Bitcoin halving day (April 20, 2024), average fees spiked to over $78 per transaction as users raced to etch the first Runes.
Positive Impact
- Miner revenue boost: Inscription fees added $200M+ to miner income, strengthening Bitcoin security post-halving
- Fee market evolution: Created a sustainable fee market that will be crucial as block rewards decrease
- New users: Attracted NFT collectors, token traders, and developers to the Bitcoin ecosystem
- Innovation culture: Revived Bitcoin development creativity and brought new energy to the community
Concerns & Debates
- Block space competition: Inscriptions compete with financial transactions, temporarily driving up fees for regular users
- Blockchain bloat: Large inscriptions permanently increase Bitcoin's blockchain size, especially BRC-20 UTXOs
- Culture war: "Laser eyes" Bitcoin maximalists vs. art/token culture. Debate on what Bitcoin "should" be used for
- Spam filtering debate: Some node operators called for filtering inscription transactions, raising censorship concerns
Looking Ahead
The long-term impact of Ordinals and Runes on Bitcoin remains to be seen. What's clear is that they've created a sustainable fee market, attracted new users, and proven that Bitcoin can evolve beyond "just money." As the ecosystem matures, expect better tooling, more efficient protocols, and deeper integration with Bitcoin's Layer 2 solutions like Lightning Network.
Points clés à retenir
Ordinals assign unique numbers to satoshis, enabling on-chain inscriptions (Bitcoin NFTs)
Inscriptions store data permanently in Taproot witness fields - 100% on Bitcoin
BRC-20 uses JSON inscriptions for fungible tokens; ORDI was the first ($1B+ market cap)
Runes (launched April 2024 halving) is a more efficient UTXO-based token protocol
Use Xverse or Unisat wallets; trade on Magic Eden, OKX, or OrdinalsBot
Ordinals generated $200M+ in miner revenue, creating a sustainable Bitcoin fee market